The use of internet is spreading unimaginably throughout the World. China has the largest number of internet users (above 320m), USA has second (260m) and India, third (213m). With this, the revolution of social media is also remarkable. Different powerful social media are face book ( about 1.1b users), twitter ( about 200m users), Linked in ( about 200m users ), g+ ( about 500m users), Pinterest ( about 100m users), MySpace( about 30m users), Instagram ( about 150m users), YouTube etc.

 Seventy three percent of the internet users use different social media. Ninety percent of social media users are the youths of age between 18 and 29 years. Most of them express their views about different topics along with photos and videos. The increase in the use of cell phones and smart phones eases the activities in social media.

  In order to motivate the youth during the coming elections, social media will play a vital role. All the political parties will depend on it undoubtedly. The days of door to door campaign, distribution of leaflets are gone. The survey process becomes easier. The most important thing is that one can reach a large audience with a single post. It takes less time, less effort and little or no cost. It can spread to millions of people through shares, re shares, tweets, re tweets, pins and re pins within no times. It is not only important to use social media in this context but also necessary.

Recently in the 5 states where election process ended, political parties using social media came out to be successful in comparisons to others.

It is proved that President the US, Barack Obama, has become successful with the use of this in his election campaign. He arranged a special budget for that purpose. He did his research how people use social media, and he approached them accordingly. He created different communities of people of equal interests and won their hearts through emotional speech on a later moment. He collected email addresses and phone numbers from their social accounts and touched them technically. He targeted the youths of age between 18 to 24 years who cover 83% social media sites and got their votes successfully.

Boris Johnson, the Mayor of London, elected to the post through using social media extensively. He reached his followers through blogs and exchanging views with them with this. He even collected his election expenditures from this.

 Narendra Modi, the Prime ministerial candidate of his party in the coming General election of India, has a large number of followers in twitter and face book. Twitter plays a vital role for the Modi’s wave in the country.

 Rahul Gandhi has also not left any stone unturned in this matter. It is rumored that he would take the assistance of a Japanese company for his propaganda through social media

This is the age of Information and Technology, when information is treated as knowledge and power. As much information you have, as powerful you become. From the early Stone Age to the present, the media to spread the information has so many changes. Like water, it finds its own course automatically. The mode of exchanging information has improved from pigeon stage to IT stage. With the advance of technology, like smart phones, laptops, tablets and inbuilt apps for social media in it, this becomes easier to be connected with each other immediately. When Face book has started in 2004, it defines the importance of social media as a day to day need. Till now there are more than one billion of active users of Face book. As far as the influence is concerned, it is going to play a major role in the forthcoming general election (2014) in India. Apart from politics, while discussing current affairs, reviewing a new movie about to be released, going for a vacation to an unacquainted place, choosing a good restaurant, applying for a nice job, searching a life partner or choosing the best hospital for a critical illness, the job is done immediately through social media platform like twitter and face book. Though there are a number of social websites like Pinterest, Stumble upon, Xing, Redit, LinkedIn, g+  etc. Twitter is next to Face book in popularity. The micro blogging social website, Twitter, uses a limited characters (140) blog known as tweets with the use of hashtags (#) for keywords. Twitter can be connected with Face book account to post something with one go. And if you connect your website efficiently, tons of traffics can be directed from it without any extra effort and money.

Some success stories which create social influence for certain issues:

In the US, the last Presidential election campaign was done online through social media.

The “ Jasmine Revolution “ in Egypt , where the huge crowd was gathered at Tahrir Square to protest against Hosni Mubarak, was monitored through all social media to get support from all over the World. This led Mubarak to step down as Egypt’s President.

Malala Yousafzai, the 16 yr. school student was famous through writing articles about her native place, Swat, Pakistan, through social media websites. She was even nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize this year.

The other side of social network:

In the process of gaining popularity through social websites, you have to sacrifice your privacy.

Read More  :   Click  Here

ISRO ( Indian Space Research Organization )  has made it public that on 5th November 2013 the Mars satellite will be sent on its’ mission. The satellite will be launched by ISRO from Satish Dhawan Space Centre located in Sriharikota. The Mars orbiter satellite will be launched by PSLV-25 on the above mentioned date at about 14:26 hr.IST.This will cost around INR 450crores. The main purpose of this mission is to demonstrate to the World the Indian scientific know-how regarding launching of satellite on rotation path of Mars as well as to investigate the existence of life if any on the planet. During its’ voyage photographs of the planet would be taken and studies of its’ atmosphere would be made. The launching process has started. Due to bad weather prevailing in the Pacific Ocean, it could not be launched in October, 2013. Therefore the program has been rescheduled. The Mars satellite will move over this Ocean and two ships will be stationed there to keep constant watch on the satellite. Any failure to launch the satellite before 19th, November will further delay the program for two years.
For more  :  Click  here

We are all aware of the environmental issues like Global Warming (GW), which is caused by over population, industrialization, deforestation and uncontrolled burning of fossil fuels etc. The outcome of the Green House Effect caused by such activities on the globe, are unusual heat waves, coldest winter, drought, flood and water scarcity etc.

According to recent environmental and scientific studies, those crises may be due to Global Dimming (GD) of solar radiation and not due to GW only.

The effects of GD are almost half as large as those of GW. While GW is an entirely atmospheric phenomenon, GD is a surface and near surface phenomenon.

In 1985, Atsumu Ohmura, a scientist working in Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, indicated that solar radiation falling on earth surface had decreased about 10% of that during last decades before. While he measured solar radiation across Europe and compared it with earlier measurements of 1960’s, he concluded that the earth is becoming darker .In 1989, Ohmura presented his analysis reports but it was not as impressive as GW. The decrease of solar radiation seemed ridiculous by some .But in the same year 1985, the English scientist, Gerald Stanhill, working at Agricultural Research Organization , Israel, noticed about 20% drop of solar radiation in Israel compared to the data of 1950 .This observation led Stanhill to coin the term GD in contrast to the term GW.As a result of GD , the variation of solar radiation during 1950 to 1990 was like 9% in Antarctica , 10% in the USA , 16% in England, 30% in USSR and 37% in Hong Kong .

The reasons for the solar radiation being blocked and stopped reaching the earth surface are:

1. Air pollution

2. Particle-seeded water vapors present in the cloud contrails (cloud contrails are vapors produced by airplanes, smog formations, volcanic eruptions, meteorite hitting etc. )

3. Cloud and suspended nano particles in the air.

Impacts of GD:

1.       The impacts of GD are so dangerous that if a 3% reduction of solar radiation continues every year, it might take 330 years for the earth to be completely dark.

2.        The main reason for the extinction of Dinosaurs was the darkness due to meteorite impact on earth. E.g. GD.

3.       GD is now being considered  responsible for the droughts in Sub-Sahara Africa during the 1970’s and 1980’s.

4.       Ripening of crops may be affected and drop in productivity may take place.

5.       Oceans get shielded from getting full solar radiation and that might affect the global rainfall pattern.

Conclusions:

One form of air-pollution caused by Green House gasses is responsible for GW while another form of air-pollution due to air borne particles causes GD. Thus, though GD and GW are thought as opposite to each other, those can cause equal impact on the environment at the same time .

GD may be the effect of GW and vice versa.
Visit The Link : http://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/global-dimming-2/

Man ,from the day back, is in search of an earth-like planet and life ,so intelligent , like him dwelling there. He imagines the terrestrial body may be somewhat like or different from him in structure, color, character and intelligence. But man is yet to find his counterpart. With the advance of science , technology and knowledge ,he is eagerly searching for such a body in the cosmos . He imagines so many things in fantasy. As a result when he observes any flying objects, he thinks it to belong to another planet and sent by somebody from another planet .Till now ,the presence of flying saucers is a mystery and there is a doubt about its reality.

In the mean time, scientists have studied in detail about 500 or more areas in space having thousands of such planets . But it is a matter of great regret that they are unable to detect a planet like our mother earth having life on it .

We have great hope on our neighboring red planet which is at a distance of 230 million km. from sun.

Sometime ago , there was a rumor in the USA that the terrestrial bodies from mars arrived there to attack earth . A great sock was speared among the people .They came out of their home to have a look of them. The police administration took a month or so time to control over the situation.

Again while noticing a thread-like structure on mars in 1862, the famous scientist ,Giovanni , described it as a river on it . Later it was found not to be true .So many spacecrafts like Pathfinder, Spirit mars rover, Opportunity and Curiosity have landed on mars. Observing the data received from Curiosity, last March, there is no hope of life on the planet . May be, there have been unicellular bodies on it long ago .But the main element of life i.e. amino acid is not found here now.

Scientist , during their search last year ,can find such a planet where water –like substance and air-like substances  are present there. They study the nature and behavior of the planet with great interest . But when they calculate the budgets and other things , a sadness appears on their face. It is because while it has been difficult for a short-lived man to move within our solar system , how can he reach the planet ,which can take at least 50,000 years to land there with the help of the most sophisticated rocket .

It is true that the 21st century man has not find  or has not generated data about the intelligent life on another planet in the Universe, but the idea of its presence cannot be ruled out .     

Links for reference   :    http://newearthplanets.blogspot.in/
                                             
                                                http://www.themagazine.ca/2012/03/28/17145/

Chhotu Sharma passed graduation from Govt Degree College, Dhaliara, Kangra, HP, in the year 1998. Till that time, he was not aware of Computer .What he knew was that the certificate, he got, would not fetch him any kind of job. While he was in a fix, one of his friends suggested to try for another course in Computer in order to get a job of at least INR 5000 per month .He left for Chandigarh to get such a vocational training there. And to have some money for that purpose, he accepted a job of  peon in Aptech.During that period ,he had to fast for days to gather money .He joined for a diploma in computer at the same Institute, where he was serving. During night , he took the advantage of his job and used the computer of the Institute for practice .After some days, he was so familiar with computers that even the students were opted for his guidance .In the way ,Chhotu Sharma became an Instructor from peon .Later , he became a software developer and recognized by Microsoft .When he gathered some money out of his tuition and the job as an Instructor , he bought a byke and a PC. Then he started his own Institute at his private quarter in the year 2000 . Within six months , he shifted his Institute to it’s own building . He named it as CS-Infotech.    

This is a story , I collected from a newspaper, may be of interest for some .

Try this link  :  http://www.cssoftsolutions.com/Key_Personel.aspx

After losing his vision , Rakesh Babu , not only established himself in the modern progressive world , but excelled himself in the field of Information Technology .All knows ,anybody without the minimum knowledge of computer and internet , is counted as an out-dated now-a-days . Everywhere, from private to Government offices, every work has been computerized and online. If the situation is so grave, can you imagine, how does a person without having vision, can manage to use internet or chat with his friends on Face book?

Don’t be surprised! The thing was made possible by a blind man from Odisha ( India ), Mr. Rakesh Babu .He was not a born-blind . The time was when Rakesh Babu , preparing to go abroad after completing his Master’s degree in Chemistry from G.M. College, Sambalpur.He suffered from a degenerative eye disease and  lost his vision for ever.

    He was not impatient .He went to his sister’s house , at USA .The situation was changed dramatically ,then and there. He applied for a degree in Information Technology there. He made it possible to achieve the degree. Undoubtedly, he is the only blind person in the World to complete Master’s in Information System.

The 40yr. old Rakesh Babu is now working as an Assistant Professor in  UWM’s School of Information Studies (SOIS) and teaches information system there. His research on “ Mind of the blind on the Web “ is based on the obstacles and it’s remedies for a blind to acquire knowledge about the Web .

   In addition to using computer and surfing net , Rakesh Babu ,with the help of a software,chats on Facebook  and searches and dials to any number on his mobile .

For more information click on the link  :  http://phys.org/news/2012-02-blind-friendly-internet.html

The  winner  of  Abel  Prize  2012  is  Endre  Szemeredi  , the Hungarian American  mathematician ,awarded for his  fundamental  contribution to  discrete mathematics and  
theoritical computer  science and in recognition of the  profound  and  lasting impact of these contributions  on additive  number  theory and  ergodic  theory  .

The  Prize  , named  after the  great Norwegian mathematician , Niels  Henrik  Abel  , has  been awarded  since  2003 , every year , to  persons  having  outstanding  contribution in 
the field  of  mathematical  science .

The  Abel  prize carries a  cash award  of  about  one  million US $ and is  awarded  by the  Norwegian  Academy of  Science  and  Letters .

Endre  Szemeredi  was  born on  21st August  1940 in Budapest , the capital  of  Hungary . 
His parents wanted him to  be a  doctor  . So he joined a medical college , but soon he  left  it . He  studied pure  science and  got  his Master  degree in  1965 from Eotvos  Lorand 
University , Budapest and PhD degree in 1970  from  Moscow State University .

It  is  said  about  Hardy that  his greatest  discovery  was  Ramanujan  . The  same can  be  said about Paul  Erdos , the  Hungarian mathematician  , who discovered  Szemeredi .  Like  Ramanujan  , Szemeredi  also  went a long way in giving  valuable  contributions  to the 
field of  mathematical  science . He  has published  more  than  200 research  papers  to  his credit .

A  book  depicting  Szemeredi’s  life  and work was  published  titled “ An  Irregular Mind “. In  it  , the  author  has described  him as an irregular  mind  , quite  different  from  most  mathematicians , which has  made  his  way  of  thinking unique and  vision extraordinary .

While  the most  developed  nation  , USA  ,  is  busy  in  cutting  down  all  of  it's  space  research  programs  expenditures  ,  India  is stepping  forward  with  it's  huge  scientific  budgets . On  3rd  August '  2012  ,  the
Government  of  India  has  approved  the  Mars  voyage  of  ISRO   in  the  cabinet  meeting .
            On  July '  2011  ,  NASA  has postponed  the  space  shuttle  ' Atlantis '  program  .  On  this  issue  ,  the  famous  magazine  , ' The  Economist '  published  a  cover story  article  mentioning  that  there  was  a  temporary  full stop  to  America's  outer  space  research  program . 
                 As  a  comment  to   the  headline  ' The  End  Of  Space  Era '  ,  the  science  fiction  writer  ,  
Bruce  Sterling  , wrote  that  in  the  coming days  astronauts  from  India  and  China  would  be  able  to  hoist
their  national  flags  on  Moon .  The  Head  of  Rosetta  Lander  Mission  of  European  Space  Agency  ,  Jean  Pierre  Bibringh  ,  says  that  the  thinking  of  the  Chinese  and  Indian  scientists  are  very  clear  and  bright  ,
in  this  regard .  Such  type  of  interest  has  not  been  noticed  by  American  space  mission .  But  they  request
for  symbiotic  collaboration  in stead  of  mindless  competition  ,  in  this  context  .
            Just  after  one  year  from  this  event  ,  India  declared  the  proposal  to  send  a  manned  space  ship  to  Mars .  Some  critics  pointed  this  move  as  India's   Space  Audacity. This  manned  space  program  to  Mars
will  take  place  from  Sriharikota   (  Andhra  Pradesh  )  , towards   November' 2013  .
            Mars  revolves  in  an  elliptical  path  round  the  Sun  .  It  has  55 million  Km.  at  it's  nearest  and  401 million  Km. at  the  farthest  point  from  Earth  .  So  it  is  not  possible  to  reach  Mars  any  time  starting  from
here .  The  oppertunity  for  us  to  reach  Mars  happens  in  the  interval  of  26  months  .  The  next  opportunity  will  be  towards  the  end  of  2013  .  While  the  time  taken  for  the  journey  to  Moon  is  less  than  one  week   ,  this  will  be  nearly  300  days  for  reaching  Mars  .  The  budget  for  the  Mars  voyage   would  be  around   Rs.480  crores  .

It  is  well  mentioning  here  that  personalities  like  Elon  Musk  of  USA   and  Richard  Branson  of  UK   are  planning   space  vacations   already  .